Standardize the numeric variables in a data frame
standardize(data, mean = 0, sd = 1, include_dummy = FALSE)a data frame.
mean of the transformed variables.
standard deviation of the transformed variables.
logical. If TRUE, transform
dummy coded (0,1) variables.
a data frame
standardize transforms all the numeric variables
in a data frame to have the same mean and standard deviation.
By default, this will be a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1.
Character variables and factors are left unchanged. By default,
dummy coded variables are also left unchanged. Use
include_dummy=TRUE to transform these variables as well.
head(mtcars)
#> mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
#> Mazda RX4 21.0 6 160 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4
#> Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
#> Datsun 710 22.8 4 108 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
#> Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
#> Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
#> Valiant 18.1 6 225 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1
mtcars_st <- standardize(mtcars)
head(mtcars_st)
#> mpg cyl disp hp drat
#> Mazda RX4 0.1508848 -0.1049878 -0.57061982 -0.5350928 0.5675137
#> Mazda RX4 Wag 0.1508848 -0.1049878 -0.57061982 -0.5350928 0.5675137
#> Datsun 710 0.4495434 -1.2248578 -0.99018209 -0.7830405 0.4739996
#> Hornet 4 Drive 0.2172534 -0.1049878 0.22009369 -0.5350928 -0.9661175
#> Hornet Sportabout -0.2307345 1.0148821 1.04308123 0.4129422 -0.8351978
#> Valiant -0.3302874 -0.1049878 -0.04616698 -0.6080186 -1.5646078
#> wt qsec vs am gear carb
#> Mazda RX4 -0.610399567 -0.7771651 0 1 0.4235542 0.7352031
#> Mazda RX4 Wag -0.349785269 -0.4637808 0 1 0.4235542 0.7352031
#> Datsun 710 -0.917004624 0.4260068 1 1 0.4235542 -1.1221521
#> Hornet 4 Drive -0.002299538 0.8904872 1 0 -0.9318192 -1.1221521
#> Hornet Sportabout 0.227654255 -0.4637808 0 0 -0.9318192 -0.5030337
#> Valiant 0.248094592 1.3269868 1 0 -0.9318192 -1.1221521